Communism is a political theory derived from Karl Marx, advocating class war and leading to a society in which all property is publicly owned and each person works and is paid according to their abilities and needs.
Only five examples of Communist countries exist at present. Nevertheless, they have adopted communism as their standard form of government: communism in China is one of the most popular examples. Other examples include North Korea, Laos, Cuba, and Vietnam. None of these, however, satisfies the true definition of communism. Instead, they are more in being a transition between the end of capitalism and the beginning of communism.
modern liberalism is generally considered to be in the center of the economic spectrum and is based upon the idea of a mixed economy that includes elements from both the left and right.
The best example of this is the election of Franklin D. Roosevelt and the creation of the New Deal. As stated previously, the New Deal was a collection of policies and programs aimed at stabilizing the economy, combating unemployment and ending the panic of the economic collapse that began with the stock market crash in October of 1929.
Libertarianism is a political philosophy that advocates only minimal state intervention in the free market and the private lives of citizens.
Conservatism is a political philosophy which believes that if changes need to be made to society, they should be made gradually. You can also refer to the political beliefs of a conservative party in a particular country as Conservatism.
Conservatives reject the leftist argument that America’s best days are behind her. They point to the remarkable performance of a key American institution, the conservative movement, which is leading the way in five essential areas.
a political philosophy, movement, or regime (such as that of the Fascisti) that exalts nation and often race above the individual and that stands for a centralized autocratic government headed by a dictatorial leader, severe economic and social regimentation, and forcible suppression of opposition. A fascist government might also be called totalitarian.
While the two main examples of fascism in history involve Mussolini and Hitler, there were many other fascist leaders between 1922 and 1945 when this government structure was most popular.
925-1943: Italy’s National Fascist Party led by Benito Mussolini made Italy a fascist state.
1933-1945: Adolf Hitler’s National Socialist German Workers’ Party, or the Nazi Party, ruled Germany under his leadership for 12 years.